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PC Electronic Plus
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PC Electronics Plus (Most Significant Bits)(1995).ISO
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elec3.cai
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1991-10-25
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10KB
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288 lines
@OPTIONS ESCAPE NOEDIT
@ESC SYSTEM
.SCREEN 0
.COLOR 15,0
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TOOLS OF THE TRADE ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 7,16
When dealing with electrical or electronic systems
.LOCATE 8,16
you are working with a form of energy you cannot
.LOCATE 9,16
see and would not want to touch.
.LOCATE 11,16
As a result, the primary tools used are those that
.LOCATE 12,16
monitor the things happening in the system.
.LOCATE 14,16
The most basic tool of all is the TEST LIGHT, an
.LOCATE 15,16
item that can be found in almost any auto service
.LOCATE 16,16
technician's tool box.
.LOCATE 18,16
A TEST LIGHT will tell you if there is power in
.LOCATE 19,16
a circuit but nothing more.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST LIGHT ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
┌───────────────────────┐
┌─┴─┐ │
LIGHT BULB > │ ▄ │ │
│░░░│ │
│░░░│ │
│░░░│ │││
└─╥─┘ ├┴┤
║ │ │
║ │ │
║ SPRING CLIP
PROBE TIP
To use a test light, attach the Spring Clip to a good ground and touch
a bare wire or connector at the location being tested with the probe
tip. If there is power the bulb in the test light will glow.
WARNING: Test lights are used on electrical circuits only and have a
tip used to pierce the insulation on a wire to get a reading.
Piercing a wire to get a reading on a wire linked to an
electronic component can damage some types of components.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 8,14
While a simple Test Light will determine whether or
.LOCATE 9,14
not there is power in a circuit, professional
.LOCATE 10,14
technicians use more sophisticated tools to
.LOCATE 11,14
precisely measure the both voltage and resistance.
.LOCATE 13,14
The combination VOLT/OHM METER is the basic tool of
.LOCATE 14,14
the trade. Inexpensive dial indicator VOLT/OHM METERS
.LOCATE 15,14
are acceptable for most automotive electrical system
.LOCATE 16,14
diagnosis but more precise (and expensive) digital
.LOCATE 17,14
models are normally used when working with electronic
.LOCATE 18,14
systems.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
TYPICAL DIAL INDICATOR VOLT/OHM METER
│ │
PROBE TIP │ DIAL INDICATOR │ PROBE TIP
┌┴┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌┴┐
│ │ │▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│ │ │
│ │ │▒┌─────────┐▒│ │ │
└╥┘ │▒│........│▒│ └╥┘
║ │▒│....│....│▒│ ║
║ │▒└────┴────┘▒│ ║
║ │▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│ ║
║ │▒▒▒┌─────┐▒▒▒│ ║
║ │▒▒▒│ │▒▒▒│ ║
║ │▒▒▒│ │▒▒▒│ ║
╚═══════▒└──│──┘▒════════╝
│▒▒▒▒▒▒│▒▒▒▒▒▒│
└──────│──────┘
MODE SELECTOR
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 5,16
HOW TO TAKE VOLT READINGS WITH A VOLT/OHM METER
.LOCATE 7,17
1. Set the MODE SELECTOR for the:
.LOCATE 8,20
A. Type of current ("DCV" - Direct
.LOCATE 9,23
current for an automotive or electronic
.LOCATE 10,23
system).
.LOCATE 11,20
B. Voltage range (12 volts for automotive
.LOCATE 12,23
systems).
.LOCATE 14,17
2. Touch the RED Probe to a bare wire or
.LOCATE 15,20
connector at the point at which you want
.LOCATE 16,20
to take the reading.
.LOCATE 18,17
3. Touch the BLACK Probe to any good ground.
.LOCATE 20,14
WARNING: The Probes have sharp tips that can be used
.LOCATE 21,23
to pierce wiring to get a reading. Do not
.LOCATE 22,23
pierce wires on an electronic circuit.
.LOCATE 23,23
Component damage may result.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 6,14
That's all there is to it. The voltage reading shown
.LOCATE 7,14
in the meter will tell you whether or not the correct
.LOCATE 8,14
voltage is present.
.LOCATE 10,18
IF IT IS: The component you are testing may
.LOCATE 11,35
be the source of the problem.
.LOCATE 13,18
IF IT IS NOT: The problem may be the vehicle's
.LOCATE 14,35
battery or alternator - the two
.LOCATE 15,35
components that supply power.
.LOCATE 17,45
OR
.LOCATE 19,35
It could be a wiring related
.LOCATE 20,35
problem - a loose wire or a bad
.LOCATE 21,35
connection.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 5,14
HOW TO TAKE RESISTANCE READINGS WITH A VOLT/OHM METER
.LOCATE 7,14
The Resistance in a wire or component is determined
.LOCATE 8,14
by measuring the difference at the end where the electric
.LOCATE 9,14
current enters and at the other end. The meter supplies
.LOCATE 10,14
a small amount of power from an internal battery. The
.LOCATE 11,14
meter measures how much of that power is lost due to Resistance.
.LOCATE 13,14
1. Set the MODE Selector to:
.LOCATE 14,17
A. "OHMS"
.LOCATE 15,17
B. Estimated Resistance in Ohms (If you don't
.LOCATE 16,20
know what the Resistance should be, it may
.LOCATE 17,20
be necessary to try different settings).
.LOCATE 19,14
2. Touch the RED Probe to the end of the wire that
.LOCATE 20,17
would carry incoming power.
.LOCATE 22,14
3. Touch the BLACK Probe to the other end of the wire.
.LOCATE 23,17
and observe the reading.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 9,18
One of the most common uses of an OHM METER in
.LOCATE 10,18
automotive service is to test spark plug wires
.LOCATE 11,18
which have a tendency to deteriorate over time,
.LOCATE 12,18
resulting in poor performance and hard starting
.LOCATE 13,18
in wet weather.
.LOCATE 15,18
IF: The meter shows a Resistance reading
.LOCATE 16,25
of more than 8,000 Ohms per foot of
.LOCATE 17,25
wire in the case of a suppression wire,
.LOCATE 18,25
the wire is bad.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 7,37
AMMETERS
.LOCATE 9,15
An AMMETER measures the volume of electrons flowing
.LOCATE 10,15
through a circuit.
.LOCATE 12,15
To function it must be inserted in the wire where
.LOCATE 13,15
the measurement is being taken. As a result, an
.LOCATE 14,15
Ammeter is not used in most diagnostic procedures.
.LOCATE 16,15
In the case of a vehicle that has an Ammeter installed
.LOCATE 17,15
as part of its gauge set, however, the Ammeter is a
.LOCATE 18,15
useful tool that can be used to monitor the condition
.LOCATE 19,15
of the vehicle's primary electrical system.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ TEST METERS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 6,14
As you can see, the types of tests service technicians
.LOCATE 7,14
use to "look inside" an electrical circuit/component
.LOCATE 8,14
and the equipment required are not complicated.
.LOCATE 10,14
Even do-it-yourselfers can perform basic tests using:
.LOCATE 12,35
A TEST LIGHT
.LOCATE 13,33
A VOLT/OHM METER
.LOCATE 15,14
And many vehicle owners can monitor the performance of
.LOCATE 16,14
their car or truck's electrical system by checking the
.LOCATE 18,37
AMMETER
.LOCATE 20,14
included as part of the vehicle's gauge set.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.USE PROG=EQIZ3.CAI